XLPE Cables Applications and Advantages

 

·    Why is XLPE cables are Cross-Linked?

In XLPE insulation cables the rubber is vulcanized with addition of Small quantities of chemical additives. This will help to rearrange the molecular structure into a lattice this process will hinders the movement of molecules in the presence of heat.

XLPE cable is insulated with hydronic tubing made of cross-linked polyethylene plastic (XLPE).  The XLPE insulation has a three-dimensional bond within the plastic. The insulation is a  thermoset, zero halogen insulation that provides flame retardant properties.  It is strong, durable, and temperature conducting. 

This process of vulcanization is being carried out to increase the stability of the XLPE cables even at high temperatures. This process of Cross-linking polyethylene also improves current carrying capacity i.e. rating of XLPE in order to withstand higher short circuits and under normal load conditions.

By this XLPE insulation, the problem of increased aging as a result of electrical, environmental and mechanical stress is taken care of as well. After Cross linking these cables can be used in the open air or buried (for underground distribution) with no affect on current rating and heating of cables.

The cross-linking creates a molecular bond which improves a number of resistances such as:

• Heat deformation
• Abrasion
• Chemical
• Stress Crack Resistance

Various Applications of XLPE Cables:-

There is an endless list of usage of XLPE cable now days. Every industry uses these cables according to their needs. Few of applications of these cables are as below:-

Due to ability of withstand extreme temperatures and pressure these are used in mines. Even at these extreme temperature and pressure these still maintain its toughness that makes it a suitable material for mines.

Advantages of XLPE Insulated Cables:-

1.      XLPE insulated cables are perfect for High voltage transmission. This is due to its insulation properties. These cables are better than the other alternative options available in the market such as Silicon rubbers, and even Ethylene Propylene Rubber, EPR.

2.      These cables have better moisture resistant.

3.      These cables are better chemical resistant.

4.      These cables are better oil resistant.

5.      These cables possess better mechanical properties

6.      These cables have better impact resistance.

7.      These cables possess better elongation.

8.      These cables have better tensile strength.

9.      These cables saves time and cost during installation, maintenance and repair works.

10.  During transmission of high voltage from one point to another we observe sparking, shocking and heat that could cause fire or other potential hazards. In XLPE cables are better used for such purposes to avoid such type of instances.

11.  These cables requires less maintenance. XLPE cables doesn’t melt when there are high temperatures and thus XLPE cables can take excess load per unit are without fracture or tearing.

 

XLPE cable tubes have shape memory characteristics, which only require heat to return it to its original shape.

Cross-linking is a very intricate process. XLPE raw material powder is formed and processed into sturdy, durable end products, usually formed into cylindrical shapes that can be used for long tubing. 

If during the cross-linking process the degree is too high, the material could become brittle and cause stress cracking. If too low, the physical properties could be very poor and unusable. Made correctly, the tubing can act as a strong, long-lasting insulator to various wires and cables, protecting it from all sorts of external elements.

XLPE is designed to replace traditional galvanized steel, copper, and PVC piping due to rusting, cost and circulation. Cross-linking can solve plumbing issues at competitive pricing and can sometimes be easier to install. 

Some of important features of these cables are listed below:-

·         Hydrolysis resistance.

·         High electrical & insulation properties.

·         High extrusion speed.

·         Heat resistance.

·         Sunlight resistance.

·         Moisture resistance.

BHEL rallied 13% in Last 2 days on this Dubai Tieup

 

BHEL Latest News:-

BHEL share soared as much as 9% in Intraday on 03.05.2024 and past 2 days stocks has bene rallied to as much 13%. Company stock is  in bull run after it has announced that company has entered into strategic partnership agreement with Dubai based company naming as HIMA Middle East FZE on Tuesday for railway signalling business.

The stock record highs since March 2012 and it has all time high of Rs. 390 per share on dated 7^th November 2007.

After this run up in Stock the Market capitalization has become to Rs.1.01 lakh crores.

BHEL is PSU (Public Sector Undertaking) having operation sin power and industry segments. This power company supplies power plant equipment such as:-

1.     Boilers

2.     Turbo Generators.

3.     Turbines and accessories

They have experience in erecting of coal, Hydro, nuclear, gas and Solar based power plants.

The other segment naming  Industry group caters to various diverse sectors naming as :-

1.     Process Industries

2.     Power Transmission and Distribution

3.     Defence

4.     Transportation

Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited (BHEL) deals in designs, engineering, Construction, Manufacturing, testing and commissioning of products.

 

Order Book:-

BHEL has an order book of Rs.1,08,000 crores at the end of December 2023 quarter. It has received order inflow of Rs. 36,048 crores in Q3FY24 compared to order inflow of Rs.15,232 crores in Q3FY2023.

Company has also received Rs.19,400 crores power plant project for 3X800 MW NLC Talabira and 1X800 MW Yamuna Nagar having value of Rs. 5500 crores in January 2024.

 

In BHEL Government of India Holds 63.17% of shareholding.

Hidden Mahadev Temple; Kaleshwar Mahadev Temple, Kangra

 

Kaleshwar Mahadev Temple, Kangra

Kaleshwar Mahadev is the form of Maa Kali and Shiva, Pandavas had built the temple, there is an interesting belief about Shivalinga.

There are many Shiva temples in Devbhoomi Himachal. Every Shiva temple has its own belief and a different history. There is a temple of Kalinath Kaleshwar Mahadev in Rakkar subdivision of district Kangra, it is also called Mini Haridwar. There is a historical Pandava era temple of Lord Shiva here. It is believed that the Pandavas stayed here for a long time during their exile. It was during this time that he constructed it. According to a legend about the Shivalinga in Kalinath Kaleshwar Mahadev Temple in Dehra, this Shivalinga is sinking into the underworld every year at the rate of a grain of barley. When this Shivalinga completely sinks into the earth, Kaliyuga will end.

It is also believed that by cremating here the deceased attains heaven. The fair organized here on Baisakhi is also special in itself. Even on that day, lakhs of people come here to take bath. There is movement of devotees here even in the month of Sawan. During the first wave of Corona, due to not being able to reach Haridwar, people also immersed the bones of the dead in the Beas river flowing here. The month of Sawan has started and today is the first Monday. Even on Sunday, there was a steady flow of devotees coming to the temple for worship. Due to the presence of water from five places of pilgrimage in this place, this place is also named Panchtirthi, where devotees take bath.

 

This is how Jyotirlinga was established

It is also believed that in Satyayuga, there was terror of Jalandhar demon in Shivalik hills. Troubled by that, the gods and sages gave birth to Mahakali with their powers. He destroyed Jalandhar and other demons within a few moments. When Kali's anger did not subside even after the destruction of the wicked, Lord Shiva himself lay down on the battlefield and the feet of the angry mother fell on him. As soon as Mother Kali realized this, she became completely calm. However, she kept regretting this mistake again and again. She wandered in the Himalayas for years in search of atonement. One day she sat on the banks of river Beas in Kaleshwar and started meditating on Lord Shiva. Bholenath appeared before him at that time and established Jyotirlinga at that place. Since then this place came to be known as Kali and Shiva i.e. Kalinath Kamleshwar Mahadev.

 

This is how the name Panchatirthi came about

Kaleshwar Mahadev Temple was built during the Pandava period. Pandavas stayed here during their exile and got a temple built from the wonderful Pindi of Lord Shiva. It is believed that when the Pandavas could not go from here for the Kumbh Mela, they shot five arrows and brought out a water stream from the mountain. The water of five pilgrimages had come out here and hence this place is also called Panchtirthi. People take bath here to get rid of their sins.

Declared a site of national importance

The Central Government has included Kaleshwar Mahadev among the sites and monuments of national importance about two years ago. The Central Government itself protects the sites .

 

How to reach the temple:

This temple is about 12 kilometers away from Jwalaji. One will have to take the link road from Kuhna on Chandigarh-Nadaun Highway, from where it is at a distance of three kilometers. People coming from Chintpurni have to take a turn at Naiharanpukhar. The distance to the temple there is about 12 kilometers. This place is six kilometers away from Dehra via Sunehat. Taxi facility along with bus is also available here.

 

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)- Pros and Cons

 As technology continues to advance at a rapid pace, modern vehicles are undergoing a transformation beyond mere transportation tools. They are increasingly being equipped with sophisticated systems designed to assist drivers, enhance road safety, and provide a more comfortable driving experience. At the forefront of this evolution lies Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), a collection of electronic systems integrated into vehicles to aid drivers in various driving scenarios. By utilizing a combination of sensors, cameras, radar, and other technologies, ADAS continuously monitors the vehicle's surroundings and provides real-time feedback to help drivers avoid potential accidents and navigate roads more safely. In this discussion, we delve into exploring the profound impact of ADAS by examining its advantages and disadvantages, highlighting both its potential benefits and the challenges it presents in the realm of modern driving.

 

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are constrained to a specific range of speeds. While Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) usually works from 30 km/h, lane-related vehicle systems often work for speeds greater than 60 km/h. 

Therefore, current CAVs are not able to operate autonomously in urban environments—50 km/h maximum speed limit—due to factory constraints. Furthermore, speed plays a critical role in road marking recognition because data processing needs to be carried out faster as the vehicle speed increases. To this regard, García et al. (2020) introduced the concept of Automated Speed that is referred to the maximum speed that an automated vehicle can achieve at a specific road geometric element. 

As commented above, the lowest automated speeds are linked to demanding road elements, e.g., sharp horizontal and vertical curves. Regarding road marking configuration, the recognition of dashed lines also depends on vehicle speed. 

Marr et al. (2020) found that a 150-mm width, 9-m solid, and 3-m space road marking was more accurately recognized at 60–70 km/h than at 80 km/h. On the contrary, the accuracy detection of a 150-mm width, 3-m solid, and 9-m space road marking decreased with speed.

 

 Pros of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS):

i.         Enhanced Safety: ADAS aims to increase road safety by alerting drivers about potential hazards and even taking action if necessary. Features like collision avoidance and automatic emergency braking can significantly reduce the chances of accidents.

ii.              Parking Assistance: ADAS can assist drivers in parking with visual and audio cues, making parking simpler and reducing the chances of collisions in tight spots. Some systems can even park the car autonomously, further enhancing convenience.

iii.            Reduced Driver Fatigue: Features like adaptive cruise control help maintain a safe distance from the car ahead, reducing the mental and physical strain on drivers during long journeys and thereby enhancing safety.

iv.        Improved Night Vision: ADAS systems equipped with night vision can detect obstacles beyond the reach of headlights, offering drivers a clearer view of the road at night and reducing the likelihood of accidents.

v.                   Economic Benefits: ADAS can help save money by preventing accidents or reducing their severity, leading to lower insurance premiums. Additionally, features like adaptive cruise control can optimize fuel consumption, resulting in savings at the pump.

 

Cons of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS):

i.                     Over-reliance on Technology: There's a concern that drivers might become overly dependent on ADAS, leading to reduced attention to the road and potential hazards.

ii.                   System Malfunctions: ADAS systems are not perfect, and there might be times when sensors malfunction or provide inaccurate feedback, posing potential dangers to drivers who rely solely on them.

iii.                 High Cost: Incorporating ADAS in vehicles can increase their cost, which may deter some buyers. Additionally, maintenance and repairs of ADAS components can be expensive.

iv.                 Complexity for the Average User: Some drivers might find ADAS overwhelming due to multiple alerts, notifications, and systems in place. Understanding and correctly utilizing all the features requires time and patience.

v.                   Maintenance and Repairs: Maintenance and repairs of ADAS components, such as cameras and sensors, can be expensive. Even minor collisions that damage these components can lead to hefty repair bills.

 

In conclusion, while Advanced Driver Assistance Systems offer significant benefits in terms of safety and convenience, it's essential to remain aware of their limitations. A balanced approach that involves active attention to the driving environment alongside the use of ADAS is crucial for maximizing their effectiveness. As technology evolves, improvements in affordability and reliability can further enhance road safety for everyone.

Pivi Pro System in Jaguar I-Pace

 

Embark on a seamless journey of connectivity and innovation with Pivi, Pivi Pro, and a suite of connected services designed to elevate your Land Rover experience. With a robust data plan subscription, Pivi Pro and the Online Pack open doors to a world of possibilities, providing access to real-time updates, limitless online media streaming, and an array of live apps—all powered by a sophisticated embedded SIM card within your vehicle.

Getting started is a breeze; simply set up your InControl account through the intuitive My Land Rover InControl website or via a link provided by your trusted Retailer. Once linked, unlock the full potential of your Land Rover by seamlessly integrating your accounts and devices.

Connect your InControl account effortlessly to Pivi Pro, enabling access to third-party content and services, while the Smartphone Pack ensures safe and convenient use of your favorite apps through Apple CarPlay and Android Auto.

Stay in command no matter where you are with the InControl Remote App, offering remote vehicle interaction at your fingertips. As you navigate through your Land Rover journey, the iGuide App stands ready to assist, serving as a virtual guide and digital owner’s manual accessible from your mobile device. With automatic wireless software updates and seamless map updates through Connected Navigation Subscriptions, your Land Rover remains equipped and up-to-date for any adventure that awaits.

Experience the pinnacle of automotive connectivity and innovation as you unlock the boundless potential of Pivi, Pivi Pro, and connected services in your Land Rover.

  

Data Plan Subscription:

Pivi Pro and Online Pack subscriptions provide access to connected services and data. This data includes real-time traffic updates, online media streaming, and access to live apps. The embedded SIM card in your vehicle facilitates this connectivity.

Getting Started:

InControl Account Setup: InControl is Land Rover's suite of connected services. When setting up your InControl account, ensure you provide accurate information and verify your account to enable seamless integration with your Land Rover vehicle.

Connect Your Accounts and Devices:

Account Integration: When connecting your InControl account to Pivi Pro, ensure you follow the provided instructions carefully to establish a secure link between your vehicle and your account. This allows for personalized content and services.

Smartphone Integration: Apple CarPlay and Android Auto integration requires compatible smartphones and the latest versions of their respective operating systems. Connecting via USB ensures a stable connection for accessing your smartphone's apps safely through the vehicle's interface.

InControl Remote App:

The InControl Remote App provides remote vehicle monitoring and control features, such as locking and unlocking doors, starting the engine, and checking vehicle status. It utilizes secure communication protocols to ensure data privacy and vehicle security.

iGuide App:

The iGuide App serves as a digital owner's manual, providing comprehensive information about your Land Rover vehicle and its features. It may include interactive diagrams, instructional videos, and troubleshooting guides for easy reference.

Wireless Software Updates:

Land Rover employs Over-The-Air (OTA) technology to deliver wireless software updates to vehicles. OTA updates are encrypted and authenticated to prevent tampering and ensure the integrity of the update process.

Automatic Map Updates:

Connected Navigation Subscriptions enable automatic map updates, ensuring that your navigation system is always up to date with the latest road information, points of interest, and route optimizations. Map updates are downloaded securely over the air and installed seamlessly in the background.

 

FAQs:

Technical Support: If you encounter technical issues or require assistance with any aspect of your Land Rover's connected services, contact Customer Services or your local Retailer for prompt assistance and resolution.

 

Mobile Data SIM Card:

The embedded SIM card in your vehicle provides access to mobile data services without the need for an external SIM card. This SIM card is provisioned by Land Rover and enables connectivity for various services, including navigation, Wi-Fi hotspot, and online media streaming.

 

Customize Virtual Instrument Display:

The Interactive Driver Display allows for customization of layout and preferences, providing drivers with essential information at a glance. Accessing these settings ensures that the display suits your preferences and driving needs.

 

These technical details complement the usage instructions provided, offering insights into the underlying technologies and processes involved in using Pivi, Pivi Pro, and connected services in your Land Rover vehicle.

 

Jaguar F Pace Vs Jaguar I Pace

1.      Jaguar F-Pace:

a.      Design:

The F-Pace boasts a sleek and athletic design, typical of Jaguar's SUV lineup.

It features signature Jaguar styling cues such as the distinctive grille, sleek headlights, and sculpted lines.

The interior offers a blend of luxury and practicality, with high-quality materials and ample space for passengers and cargo.

b.      Performance:

The F-Pace offers a range of engine options, including petrol and diesel variants.

Petrol engines provide lively performance, with responsive acceleration and smooth power delivery.

Diesel engines offer excellent fuel efficiency and strong torque for effortless highway cruising and towing capabilities.

c.       Technology:

The F-Pace comes equipped with advanced technology features such as Jaguar's Touch Pro infotainment system, which includes navigation, smartphone integration, and voice control.

Safety features like adaptive cruise control, lane-keeping assist, and autonomous emergency braking enhance the driving experience and provide peace of mind on the road.

d.      Driving Dynamics:

Jaguar's F-Pace is known for its engaging driving dynamics, with precise steering, agile handling, and a comfortable ride quality.

The optional adaptive suspension system adjusts damping rates in real-time to optimize comfort and control based on driving conditions.

2.      Jaguar I-Pace:

a.      Electric Powertrain:

The I-Pace is Jaguar's first all-electric vehicle, powered by a state-of-the-art electric drivetrain.

It features dual electric motors—one at the front axle and one at the rear—to provide all-wheel drive capability and instant torque delivery.

The advanced battery system offers a long driving range on a single charge, making it suitable for both daily commuting and long-distance journeys.

b.      Design and Aerodynamics:

The I-Pace showcases a modern and aerodynamic design, optimized for efficiency and performance.

Its sleek profile, flush door handles, and aerodynamic underbody contribute to reduced drag and improved range.

The interior is designed to be spacious and luxurious, with premium materials, advanced technology, and ample cargo space.

c.       Charging and Range:

The I-Pace supports fast charging capability, allowing for rapid charging at public DC fast chargers.

With a range of up to 470 km on a single charge (WLTP), the I-Pace offers ample range for most daily driving needs and long-distance travel.

d.      Technology and Connectivity:

Jaguar's I-Pace comes equipped with the latest connectivity features, including the Pivi Pro infotainment system, which offers intuitive navigation, smartphone integration, and over-the-air software updates.

The vehicle also supports remote monitoring and control via a smartphone app, allowing owners to check battery status, pre-condition the cabin, and locate charging stations.

 

In summary, while the Jaguar F-Pace delivers a traditional SUV experience with a range of internal combustion engine options, the Jaguar I-Pace represents the future of automotive technology with its all-electric powertrain and advanced features. Both models offer luxurious interiors, engaging driving dynamics, and cutting-edge technology, catering to different preferences and driving needs.

  

Jaguar I-Pace All Electric SUV Key features

 

The Jaguar I-PACE is a luxury all-electric SUV produced by Jaguar Land Rover, providing an environmentally friendly alternative in the premium vehicle market. Here's a detailed breakdown of its key features:

1.      Exterior Design:

·         The Jaguar I-PACE boasts a sleek and futuristic exterior design with clean lines and aerodynamic features.

·         It features integrated LED headlights with signature double 'J' blades, contributing to its distinctive appearance.

·         The front grille shield and sculpted bonnet scoop enhance aerodynamics, while muscular haunches create a powerful stance.

·         The Black Exterior option includes Gloss Black side window surrounds, a Matte Graphite Atlas shield with Gloss Black surround, and Gloss Black wing mirror caps, adding a sporty and stylish touch.

2.      Interior Design:

·         Inside, the Jaguar I-PACE offers a luxurious and refined environment with sophisticated design elements.

·         Advanced motor encapsulation reduces sound, providing outstanding refinement, while the exterior design minimizes wind noise for a quiet cabin.

·         The fully-electric architecture allows for spacious interiors, with up to 656 liters of loadspace, providing ample room for passengers and cargo.

·         The interior design includes a choice of Sports or Performance seats in various materials, including the sustainable KvadratTM option, which offers a modern and eco-friendly look.

3.      Driving Experience:

·         The Jaguar I-PACE offers an electrifying performance combined with the benefits of electric driving, such as low cost of ownership and zero tailpipe emissions.

·         It features an all-electric powertrain delivering thrilling power and dynamics, with an acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in just 4.8 seconds.

·         The vehicle's electric driving specifications include a range of up to 470 kilometers (WLTP figure), although real-world figures may vary depending on driving style and conditions.

·         Charging the I-PACE at home or en route is made easy, with a charging time of 8.5 hours using an 11 kW AC home charger.

4.      Features:

·         The Jaguar I-PACE is packed with intuitive and responsive technologies, including the Pivi Pro infotainment system and Amazon Alexa integration, offering a host of voice control features for enhanced convenience.

·         The Pivi Pro system highlights all charging points along the way, making it convenient to plan and navigate electric journeys.

·         Various models are available, with the R-Dynamic HSE model featuring Matrix LED headlights with signature DRL, fixed panoramic roof, 16-way heated and cooled electric driver memory front seats, and a MeridianTM 3D Surround Sound System.

5.       Specifications and Options:

·         Detailed specifications and options are available for customers to explore, allowing them to customize their Jaguar I-PACE according to their preferences and needs.

·         The vehicle's specifications, including range and charging times, are provided based on the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP), with real-world variations depending on driving conditions.

 

6.       Costing of Jaguar I-Pace

·         The costing of the Jaguar I-PACE can vary depending on several factors including the model, trim level, optional features, and local market conditions. However, I can provide you with some general information about the pricing of the Jaguar I-PACE.

·         As of my last update, the Jaguar I-PACE typically starts at a base price of around $69,900 USD for the entry-level model. However, this price can increase significantly with the addition of optional features and upgrades, as well as higher trim levels.

·         Higher trim levels and packages, such as the R-Dynamic HSE model, which includes additional features like Matrix LED headlights, panoramic roof, premium sound system, and more, can raise the price considerably.

·         Additionally, factors such as taxes, fees, and delivery charges may also impact the final cost of purchasing a Jaguar I-PACE.

·         It's worth noting that pricing may vary between different regions and countries due to factors such as import/export taxes, currency exchange rates, and local market demand.

·         For the most accurate and up-to-date pricing information, I would recommend visiting the official Jaguar website or contacting a Jaguar dealership in your area. They can provide you with detailed pricing information tailored to your specific preferences and location.

 

Overall, the Jaguar I-PACE represents a groundbreaking approach to luxury electric vehicles, combining cutting-edge technology, stunning design, and exhilarating performance to deliver an unparalleled driving experience in the electric vehicle segment.