Indepth Electrical engineering

There are following procedure to be adopted for correct dimensioning of a plant (i)             Load Analysis:- First step in dimensioning of a plant is to check for connected load and their location Now check for location of power distribution panels Now we can calculate cable requirement i.e. length of cables and path of cable laying Now we will do calculations of total power consumption while taking account utilization factors and demand factors (ii)           Transformer and generator size calculations:- Transformer and generator size are usually selected 15-30% more in comparison to total connected load considering future prospectus. (iii)          Conductor size selection - Now we calculate cable size according to load requirement of various connected loads. Cable selected may be copper or aluminum. Cables sel...

Spark Plug in Automobiles – Working, Functions, Types, and Parts Explained A spark plug is one of the most critical components of internal combustion (IC) engines. Whether it’s a two-wheeler, three-wheeler, four-wheeler, or even larger automobile engines, spark plugs are indispensable in gasoline-powered vehicles. They are mounted on the cylinder head and generate an electric spark to ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture , enabling combustion and engine power generation. While diesel engines rely on compression ignition, they may use glow plugs for cold starts, whereas petrol engines cannot function without spark plugs. 🔧 Functions of a Spark Plug A spark plug performs two primary functions : 1. Ignition of Air-Fuel Mixture The ignition coil or magneto provides 20 kV – 100 kV high voltage . This creates a potential difference between the central and ground electrodes. Once the voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of the gap, the air-fuel mixture gets ionized. ...

Turbocharger is the word most widely used in automobile sector. Now days its is integral part of cars. Now days turbochargers are used mainly on diesel engines, but now-days initiatives has been taken to use turbo charging of production petrol engines. Turbochargers are most helpful while using them at high altitudes as air is less dense at high altitudes and by using turbocharger we will enable to get more power .   There are following advantages of turbochargers :- 1.    By using turbocharger engines will go faster. 2.    Engine performance can be improved Turbocharger consists of pair of fans that connect waste exhaust power from the back of an engine to force more air into the facade, providing more "energy". Earlier days there is lot of exhaust fumes coming out of vehicles which causes air pollution. This air pollution leads to lot of waste of energy. This waste energy consists of heat as well kinetic energy which get wasted in atmosphe...

The Nature of Electricity: Structure, Charges, and Potential Difference Electricity is one of the most essential forms of energy in modern life, powering everything from household appliances to industrial machinery. But what exactly is the nature of electricity? At its core, electricity is the result of the movement of electrons. Natural phenomena such as lightning are examples of electricity in action, while most of the electricity we use daily is generated in power plants. To truly understand the nature of electricity, we must first look at the structure of the atom. Structure of the Atom Every substance in the universe is made up of atoms. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still retains its chemical properties. Atoms consist of three fundamental particles: Electrons (–): Negatively charged, very lightweight particles. Protons (+): Positively charged particles, about 1,840 times heavier than electrons. Neutrons (0): Neutral particles with no charge. ...

Comparison between lean burn and Rich Burn engines:- After certain emission calibration levels Lean‐burn gas engines are more economical  and these can even operate at higher loads, But in rich‐burn engines have lower emission levels with a single after treatment these are more tolerant of broad fuel ranges and ambient conditions, and generally have better transient load capability. Principle of operation of Rich Burn engines:- Rich‐burn engines operate at principle of stoichiometric air/fuel ratio (AFR) according to this principle air in exact quantity is supplied to burn all of the fuel.  This will leads to reduction in nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and HAPS (Hazardous Air Pollutants) after certain treatment for all in one i.e. by using catalytic converter used in cars. Lean burn engines working principle:- In these engines Lean‐burn engines use a lot of excess air. These engines take up to twice the amount needed in r...

Why You Must Know Room Area Before Selecting an Air Conditioner When it comes to buying an air conditioner, one of the most common questions in every customer’s mind is: 👉 “What size of AC is right for my room?” Most people rely on sellers, friends, or other customers’ experiences. But here’s the truth: an incorrectly sized air conditioner will either waste electricity or fail to cool your room properly. That’s why understanding the room area and cooling requirements is crucial before you make your purchase. Why AC Sizing Matters If AC capacity is higher than required: Excessive power consumption Cooling cycle stops early → humidity not removed → damp and clammy feeling Lower efficiency and shorter equipment life If AC capacity is lower than required: Room will never reach comfortable cooling AC runs continuously → higher electricity bills Equipment wears out faster Thus, the right-sized AC ensures effective cooling, proper dehumidification, and ...