Indepth Electrical engineering

Why Transformer Rating is in kVA and Induction Motor Rating is in kW: A Complete Engineering Insight Introduction In the field of electrical engineering, one of the most commonly asked questions by students, professionals, and even practicing engineers is: 👉 Why are transformers rated in kVA (kilovolt-ampere), while induction motors are rated in kW (kilowatt)? At first glance, both devices handle electrical power, so one might expect them to have the same rating convention. However, the distinction lies in the nature of their operation, losses, and dependence on power factor (PF). In this article, we will deeply analyze: The principle of transformer rating in kVA The principle of induction motor rating in kW The role of power factor in machine design Practical examples and calculations By the end, you’ll clearly understand why this rating system exists — not just theoretically, but from a machine design perspective. Understanding Power in AC Circuits Before di...

  Effect of Harmonics on Transformers and Ways to Reduce Them Introduction Transformers are the backbone of power systems, ensuring smooth voltage transformation for industrial, commercial, and residential applications. However, in today’s era of non-linear loads like computers, LED lighting, variable frequency drives (VFDs), and UPS systems , transformers are exposed to harmonic currents . These harmonics can reduce efficiency, shorten transformer life, and increase operating costs if not addressed properly. In this article, we will explore: What harmonics are How harmonics affect transformers Practical ways to reduce harmonics What Are Harmonics? In an ideal system, voltage and current waveforms are pure sinusoids at the fundamental frequency (50 Hz in India, 60 Hz in the US). Harmonics are distortions in these waveforms caused by non-linear loads . These distortions occur at integer multiples of the fundamental frequency: 2nd harmonic → 10...

  Number of Slots in Induction Motors: Calculation, Design Methodology & Key Considerations Induction motors are the backbone of modern industry, powering everything from household appliances to heavy-duty machinery. One of the most critical aspects in induction motor design is the number of slots in the stator and rotor . The correct choice of slots directly affects motor performance, efficiency, starting torque, vibration, noise, and even manufacturing cost. In this article, we will cover: What slots in induction motors are. Methodology for calculating the number of slots. Design rules and practical considerations. Typical values adopted in industry. Common problems due to wrong slot selection. FAQs to address real-world queries. This guide is structured for engineers, students, and industry professionals , ensuring both technical depth and readability . 🔹 What Are Slots in Induction Motors? Slots are grooves cut ...