Electrical Standards: Window A.C. and Split Air conditioner Working Principle and Circuits

Air conditioner as name suggests is an electrically operated equipment which perform following functions:-

1. Temperature

2. Humidity

3. Quality of Air

Air conditioners are becoming an integrated part of every household and Shops.

An air conditioner makes your home cooler. It performs the function of cooling by drawing heat out of house/Shop and transferred the same hear to outdoor unit of AC and replaces the the air in house or shop by colder air.

Inside a split Air conditioner there are following parts:-

1. Compressor

2. Condenser

3. Evaporator

4. Refrigerant

Compressor function is to circulate refrigerant through outdoor unit and converts the same from gas to liquid.

The liquid is then forced through the indoor evaporator coil or cooling compartment.

The indoor unit’s fan circulates the inside air to pass across the evaporator fins. The evaporator’s metal fins exchange the thermal energy with the air around it. In Evaporator the refrigerant turns from liquid into vapor, removing any heat from the surrounding air. That heated air is removed from house/shop is replaced with cooled air.

From that point, the condenser or outdoor unit then turns the refrigerant vapor back into a liquid, removing any heat. By the time the fluid leaves the evaporator again, it is a cool, low-pressure gas, eventually returning to the condenser to begin its trip all over again. This process continues again and again until your home reaches the cooling temperature you want, as programmed and sensed by your thermostat setting.

AC working diagram for Window Air conditioner and Split Air conditioner is as below:-

Basic circuit for AC is as below