Indepth Electrical engineering

Regenerative Braking in Induction Motors Braking of induction motors is essential for controlling speed, safety, and energy efficiency in industrial drives. Among the various braking techniques, regenerative braking is highly efficient since it converts the motor’s kinetic energy into electrical energy and feeds it back into the supply system. Principle of Regenerative Braking In a normal stator-fed induction motor , regenerative braking is possible if the number of poles of the machine can be changed during running conditions using special arrangements. This technique is applicable in squirrel cage induction motors since: Number of poles in the stator = Number of poles in the rotor (though not necessarily equal to the number of phases). Method of Operation Pole Changing Method When braking is required, the number of poles is increased (usually by a factor of 2). The synchronous speed of the revolving magnetic field reduces to half. Slip becomes nega...

⚡ Shunt Compensation Shunt compensation is a method of controlling system voltage by connecting shunt capacitors or shunt reactors directly to the transmission network. Shunt Capacitors → supply reactive power (kVAR) to the system, thereby raising voltage during light load or under-voltage conditions. Shunt Reactors → absorb reactive power, thereby reducing voltage during no-load or light-load conditions when the voltage tends to rise. 🔑 Engineering perspective: Simple, static, and reliable solution. Provides step-by-step voltage regulation since capacitor banks can be switched in or out. Widely used in transmission and distribution systems due to low cost and negligible maintenance. ⚡ Synchronous Phase Modifier (Synchronous Condenser) A synchronous phase modifier (also known as a synchronous condenser ) is essentially a synchronous motor running without mechanical load . When under-excited , it draws reactive power → acts like an inductor. When o...