Hazardous Zones Protection Techniques for Oil & Gas Industry

 Different protection techniques are used to address the hazardous zones :-

		ZONES
Ex d	Flameproof (Explosion proof) Enclosure	1, 2
Ex e	Increased Safety	1, 2
Ex ia	Intrinsically Safe	0, 1, 2
Ex ib	Intrinsically Safe	1, 2
Ex o	Oil Immersion	2
Ex p	Pressurized Apparatus (Purged Apparatus)	1, 2
Ex q	Powder Filling (Sand Filling)	2
Ex m	Encapsulation	1, 2
Ex n or Ex N	Non incentive or/and normally no sparking circuits	2